The Ex Post Facto Clause prohibits:
- Every law that makes an action done before the passing of the law, and which was innocent when done, criminal; and punishes such action;
- Every law that aggravates a crime, or makes it greater than it was, when committed;
- Every law that changes the punishment, and inflicts a greater punishment, than the law annexed to the crime, when committed;
- Every law that alters the legal rules of evidence, and receives less, or different testimony, than the law required at the time of the commission of the offense, in order to convict the offender.
